Unofficial translation

Act L of 2025 on the enactment of emergency decrees promulgated in view of the armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine

(The Act was adopted by the National Assembly at its session on 11 June 2025. Date of publication: 19 June 2025)

[1] In view of the armed conflict and humanitarian catastrophe on the territory of Ukraine, and in order to avert and manage the consequences of these in Hungary, Government Decree No. 424/2022. (X. 28.) Government Decree– 1 November 2022 – the Government declared a state of emergency for the entire territory of Hungary.

[2] The National Assembly – reviewing the regulatory areas of the emergency government decrees – enacts the following Act for the purpose of regulating certain legal institutions as transitional rules or as part of the normal legal order

[Chapter I - TRANSITIONAL RULES FOR THE ASYLUM PROCEDURE omitted]

[Chapter II - TRANSITIONAL RULES FOR BENEFICIARIES OF TEMPORARY PROTECTION AND BENEFICIARIES OF ASYLUM omitted]

[Chapter III - IMPLEMENTATION OF THE JUDGMENT OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION DELIVERED ON 13 JULY 2024 IN COMMISSION V HUNGARY C-123/22 omitted]

Chapter IV TRANSITIONAL RULES ON THE MEASURES NECESSARY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BUSINESS ENTITIES WITH REGISTERED OFFICE IN HUNGARY FOR ECONOMIC PURPOSES

Section 36

(1) The provisions of this Chapter shall be applied until 31 December 2026.

(2) For the purposes of this Chapter,

1. state interest: public interest not regulated by sectoral European Union and national law, relating to the security and operability of networks and equipment and the continuity of supply, or related to an economic strategic interest that is fundamental from the point of view of the national economy,

2. Foreign investor:

a) a legal person or other entity registered in Hungary, in another Member State of the European Union, in a state party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area (hereinafter: the EEA Agreement), or in the Swiss Confederation, which acquires a share or influence as defined in point 3 in a strategic company, if the person having majority control in that legal person or other entity, within the meaning of Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code (hereinafter: the Civil Code), is a citizen of a state outside the European Union, the European Economic Area, or the Swiss Confederation, or is a legal person or other entity registered in such a state;

b) a citizen of a state outside the European Union, the European Economic Area or the Swiss Confederation, or a legal person or other organisation registered in such a state,

3. strategic company: a legal person with its registered seat in Hungary, operating as a limited liability company, a private limited company, a public limited company, or a higher education institution, whose principal or additional activity falls within a sector of strategic importance defined in Annex 1, in particular the energy, transport, or communication sector, as well as sectors referred to in points a)–e) of Article 4(1) of Regulation (EU) 2019/452 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2019 establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Union.

Section 37

(1) In the case of a strategic company—if the conclusion of a contract, the making of a unilateral legal declaration, or a decision of the company (hereinafter collectively referred to as a ‘legal transaction’ for the purposes of this Chapter) results in the circumstances set out in paragraphs (2)–(4)—a notification to the minister responsible for domestic economy is required in connection with the legal transactions concluded:

a) the partial or full transfer of an ownership share in a strategic company, under any title of transfer of ownership—including contributions in kind—whether gratuitously or for consideration;

b) capital increase in a strategic company,

c) transformation, merger or division of a strategic company,

d) the issuance of bonds convertible, giving subscription rights or convertible bonds by a strategic company,

e) the establishment of a right of usufruct on the shares or business shares of a strategic company.

(2) In the sectors specified in Section 36 (2) Point 3,the reporting obligation shall apply if the total value of the investment reaches or exceeds HUF 350,000,000 and

a) a foreign investor within the meaning of Paragraph 36(2)(2)(a)and a legal person or other organisation registered in another Member State of the European Union, another State party to the EEA Agreement or in the Swiss Confederation, or a national of another Member State of the European Union, another State party to the EEA Agreement or the Swiss Confederation if:

aa) on the basis of a legal transaction under points (1)(a)–(c), the acquisition—direct or indirect—of an ownership share in the strategic company (hereinafter: acquisition of ownership);

ab) on the basis of a unilateral legal declaration under point (1)(d), the acquisition—direct or indirect—of ownership of a bond that may be converted, transformed, or subscribed into shares (hereinafter: acquisition of bond ownership);

(ac) acquisition of a right of usufruct on a business share or share representing a share of ownership on the basis of a contract or unilateral legal declaration referred to in paragraph (1)(e)(hereinafter collectively referred to as 'acquisition of a right of usufruct')

results in the acquisition—directly or indirectly—of majority control, as defined in the Civil Code, in the strategic company; or

b) a foreign investor within the meaning of Section 36 (2) 2) subsection b)acquires directly or indirectly a stake of at least 5% in a strategic company, or at least 3% in the case of a public limited liability company as a result of the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of ownership of a bond or the acquisition of a right of usufruct.

(3) The reporting obligation shall also apply if a foreign investor within the meaning of Section 36(2)(2)(b)acquires a 10%, 20% or 50% shareholding in the strategic company as a result of the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of ownership of a bond or the acquisition of a usufruct, or if Section 36(2)(2)(b)By acquiring ownership, ownership of the bond or acquisition of usufruct in the strategic company, the combined share of foreign investors exceeds 25%, with the exception of public limited liability companies.

(4) A notification to the minister responsible for domestic economy and the minister’s acknowledgement of the notification are also required in the case of the transfer, the granting of usage or operational rights, or the pledging of infrastructures, equipment, and assets indispensable for the continuation of the activities of the strategic company (hereinafter collectively: operational rights), if the operational right is acquired by a foreign investor or by a legal person or entity in which the foreign investor directly or indirectly has majority control as defined in the Civil Code.

(5) The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply if the legal transaction referred to in paragraph (1) is carried out directly with respect to a foreign-registered legal person or other entity, and the legal transaction simultaneously results—indirectly—in the circumstances set out in paragraphs (2)–(4) with respect to a subordinate or affiliated enterprise of the foreign-registered legal person or other entity, as defined under Act C of 2000 on Accounting, provided that such subordinate affiliated enterprise qualifies as a strategic company.

Section 38

(1) The minister responsible for domestic economy shall conduct the procedure under this Section on the basis of a notification submitted in Hungarian or accompanied by an official Hungarian translation. In the event of a breach of the notification obligation, the procedure may also be conducted on the basis of a subsequent notification or ex officio.

(2) The notification must be submitted to the minister responsible for domestic economy within 10 days following the conclusion of the legal transaction aimed at:

a) the acquisition of ownership,

b) the acquisition of bond ownership,

c) the acquisition of a usufruct right, or

d) the acquisition of an operational right.

(3) The notification must be submitted by:

a) the foreign investor,

b) a legal person or other organisation registered in another Member State of the European Union, in another State party to the EEA Agreement or in the Swiss Confederation,

c) is a national of another Member State of the European Union, another State party to the EEA Agreement or of the Swiss Confederation,

d) in the case referred to in paragraph (2)(d), if the operational right is not acquired by the foreign investor, the legal person or entity acquiring the operational right and the foreign investor jointly

(hereinafter collectively: the applicant).

(4) Legal representation shall be mandatory in proceedings before the Minister responsible for the internal economy.

(5) The notification signed by the applicant and electronically signed by the legal representative as required by law shall be submitted electronically to the minister responsible for the internal economy.

(6) The notification obligation shall not affect the notification or authorisation obligation specified in other legislation in connection with the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of usufruct rights, the acquisition of ownership rights of bonds or the acquisition of operating rights.

Section 39

(1) The notification must contain:

a) for an applicant who is a natural person: aa) the natural person’s identification data and Hungarian address, or, in the absence of a Hungarian address, the person’s foreign residential or habitual address; ab) the person’s citizenship, and ac) contact details for electronic or postal communication;

b) for an applicant that is a legal person or other entity: ba) its name, registered seat, and—if applicable—the address of its branch office in Hungary, bb) the identification of the state responsible for maintaining its official register, bc) contact details for electronic or postal communication; and

c) the details of the legal representative acting on behalf of the applicant.

(2) The notification shall be accompanied electronically by:

a) a detailed description of the legal transaction,

b) a detailed description of the legal transaction aimed at the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of ownership of a bond, the acquisition of a usufruct right, and the circumstances relevant and essential for them,

c) the documents created in connection with the legal transaction, including the instrument containing the legal transaction and the related corporate documents, on the basis of which the ownership structure of the foreign investor and of the legal persons holding an ownership interest in the foreign investor can be determined, as well as the ultimate beneficial owner as defined in the Act on the Prevention and Combating of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing; all documents underlying the legal transaction aimed at the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right, together with any related corporate documents and resolutions.

Section 40

In connection with the notification, the Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall communicate electronically with the legal representative of the applicant and, if necessary, with the applicant at the contact details specified in the notification. If neither the legal representative nor the applicant can be reached at the contact details specified in the notification, the consequence of this shall be borne by the applicant.

Section 41

The Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall send a written notice of the receipt of the notification without delay, but not later than within eight days, electronically, which shall include:

a) the date of receipt of the notification,

b) the name and legal representative of the applicant,

c) indicate whether the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of ownership of a bond, the acquisition of a right of usufruct or the acquisition of a right of operation has taken place, and

d) a notice stating that the acknowledgement only concerns the fact of receipt of the notification and shall not be regarded as acceptance of the notification.

Section 42

(1) Immediately after receipt of the notification, the Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall examine whether:

a) whether the notification complies with the conditions set out in Section 39,

b) in the case of the notifier’s acquisition of ownership, acquisition of bond ownership, acquisition of a usufruct right, or acquisition of an operational right, there is an infringement or endangerment of, or a possibility that an infringement or endangerment may occur to, the national interests, public security, or public order of Hungary, with particular regard to the security of the supply of essential societal needs, in accordance with Article 36, Article 52(1), and Article 65(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union;

(c) the applicant is directly or indirectly under the control of the government of a non-EU Member State—including state authorities or the armed forces—whether through its ownership structure or through significant funding;

d) the applicant has been involved in any activity in any Member State of the European Union that endangers security or public order; and

e) there is a serious risk that the notifier will engage in conduct that constitutes a criminal offence.

(2) Based on the examination referred to in paragraph (1)(a), the minister responsible for domestic economy may call upon the notifier—within a time limit of at least 3 days and at most 10 days, or, in the case of a natural person, legal person, or other entity other than the notifier, within a time limit of up to 20 days—to provide any additional data and information not included in the notification or its annexes, or to submit the original or certified copies of additional documents not attached to the notification, together with an official Hungarian translation in the case of documents in a foreign language.

(3) If the request under paragraph (2) is unsuccessful, the minister responsible for domestic economy shall examine the notification on the basis of the documents submitted.

Section 43

(1) The minister responsible for domestic economy shall, no later than 30 working days from the receipt of the notification—or, in the case referred to in paragraph (3), within the time limit specified therein—

a) if none of the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) exist, confirm in writing the acknowledgement of the notification, or

b) if any of the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) exist, prohibit the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right (hereinafter collectively: prohibitive decision).

(2) In the case referred to in Section 45, the minister responsible for domestic economy shall—by way of derogation from paragraph (1)—no later than seventy-five working days from the date on which the notice pursuant to Section 45(4) is sent to the notifier—or, in the case referred to in paragraph (3), within the time limit specified therein:

a) if the Hungarian State does not exercise its pre-emption right and the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) do not exist, confirm in writing the acknowledgement of the notification;

b) if the Hungarian State does not exercise its pre-emption right and the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) exist, issue a prohibitive decision;

c) if the Hungarian State exercises its pre-emption right, terminate the procedure related to the notification in accordance with Section 45(7).

(3) In particularly justified cases, the minister responsible for domestic economy may extend the duration of the review referred to in paragraphs (1) and (2)(a)–(b) by up to fifteen days, and shall notify the notifier of this in writing before the expiry of the fifteen-day period.

Section 44

(1) The minister responsible for domestic economy shall provide a justification for the prohibitive decision. The justification must specify which interest referred to in Section 42(1)(b) is infringed or endangered by the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right, or which point of Section 42(1) has been found to be violated. The justification must also draw the applicant’s attention to the rules of legal remedy against the prohibitive decision as set out in this Chapter.

(2) The justification of the prohibition decision shall not contain classified information.

Section 45

(1) If a sale and purchase transaction falling under Section 37(1)(a) and resulting in the circumstances set out in Section 37(2) and (3) is concluded with respect to a strategic company registered—whether as its principal or additional activity—with activity code NACE’25 35.12 Electricity generation from renewable sources within the sector defined in row 21 of the table in Annex 1 (and thus operating a solar power plant), the provisions of paragraphs (2)–(8) shall also apply when assessing the notification submitted for the acknowledgement of the legal transaction.

(2) In respect of the legal transactions referred to in paragraph (1), the Hungarian State shall enjoy a pre-emption right taking precedence over any other entitled party, which shall be exercised—within a peremptory time limit of 90 working days from the date on which the notice under paragraph (4) is delivered to the applicant—through the Hungarian National Asset Management Company Private Limited Company (hereinafter: MNV Zrt.).

(3) In the case of the legal transactions referred to in paragraph (1), in addition to the elements required under Section 39(1), the notification must also indicate that it falls under the scope of paragraph (1).

(4) If, during the examination of the notification, the minister responsible for domestic economy establishes that the notification obligation under this Chapter exists with respect to the reported legal transaction, and that the transaction qualifies as a sale and purchase transaction under paragraph (1), and that the annexes referred to in Section 39(2)—including the sale and purchase agreement concluded subject to the potential exercise of the pre-emption right—are fully available, the minister responsible for domestic economy shall inform the applicant that the transaction qualifies as a sale and purchase transaction under paragraph (1), and that the Hungarian State holds a pre-emption right under paragraph (2).

(5) Simultaneously with informing the applicant under paragraph (4), the minister responsible for domestic economy shall forward the documentation received with the notification to the minister responsible for energy policy—setting a deadline of 30 working days for response—who shall examine whether the exercise of the pre-emption right under paragraph (2) is justified.

(6) In his response, the minister responsible for energy policy shall make a proposal either to exercise the pre-emption right or to refrain from exercising it, and shall communicate this—within the deadline specified in paragraph (5)—to the minister responsible for domestic economy and simultaneously to MNV Zrt., attaching to the proposal sent to MNV Zrt. the documentation necessary for exercising the pre-emption right.

(7) If a proposal to exercise the pre-emption right is received by the minister responsible for domestic economy, the minister shall terminate the procedure related to the notification for acknowledgement of the legal transaction, expressly stating that the minister responsible for energy policy is of the view that exercising the pre-emption right is justified.

(8) If the minister responsible for energy policy proposes, within the deadline specified in paragraph (5), that the pre-emption right should not be exercised, or if he does not issue an opinion regarding the exercise of the pre-emption right within the deadline specified in paragraph (5), then the minister responsible for domestic economy shall decide on the merits of the notification.

(9) The provisions of paragraphs (1)–(8) shall not apply to solar power plants qualifying as household-scale small power plants as defined in Section 3, point 24 of Act LXXXVI of 2007 on Electricity.

Section 46

(1) The applicant may challenge the prohibitive decision in administrative court proceedings on the grounds of a breach of essential procedural rules and in connection with the assessment under Section 44. The Budapest-Capital Regional Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction over the proceedings.

(2) Legal representation shall be mandatory in the proceedings.

(3) The court shall decide on the application within 30 days of its receipt. If the court establishes that a legal violation has occurred, it shall annul the decision and order the minister responsible for domestic economy to conduct a new procedure.

(4) The Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall process the personal data of the applicant during the procedure and for the purpose of verifying the notification

a) in the case of a prohibitory decision, for 5 years after the submission of the notification, or in the case of a judicial remedy procedure, for 5 years from the final conclusion thereof,

b) in the case of acknowledgement of the notification, it shall be processed for the duration of the foreign investor’s ownership right, usufruct right, or the existence of the bond ownership, but for no longer than 5 years.

Section 47

(1) Compliance with the notification obligation shall be monitored by the minister responsible for domestic economy.

(2) If, during the monitoring referred to in paragraph (1), it is established that the person required to submit the notification has failed to fulfil the notification obligation under this Chapter, the minister responsible for domestic economy shall impose a fine pursuant to Section 48, and:

a) if none of the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) exist in connection with the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right, the minister shall confirm in writing the acknowledgement of the legal transaction;

b) if any of the circumstances set out in Section 42(1)(b)–(e) exist in connection with the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right, the minister shall issue a prohibitive decision.

(3) The time limit applicable to the monitoring referred to in paragraph (1) shall be governed by Section 43, except that the time limit shall be calculated from the date on which the legal transaction becomes known to the minister, rather than from the date of receipt of the notification.

(4) No administrative monitoring or procedure aimed at establishing the infringement may be conducted for failure to submit the notification if more than 6 months have elapsed since the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right became known to the minister responsible for domestic economy, and in any case not after 5 years have passed since the occurrence of the circumstances.

Section 48

(1) A person who violates an obligation relating to the notification—provided that the act does not constitute a criminal offence—may, in addition to the invalidity prescribed under this Chapter, be subjected by the minister responsible for domestic economy—after examining all the circumstances of the case—to an administrative fine of up to twice the value of the transaction, but:

a) in the case of a foreign investor who is a natural person, not less than 100,000 forints;

b) in the case of a foreign investor that is a legal person or other entity, not less than 1% of the net turnover achieved in the last completed financial year by the strategic company concerned by the acquisition of ownership, the acquisition of bond ownership, the acquisition of a usufruct right, or the acquisition of an operational right.

(2) No payment relief may be granted for the payment of the fine.

Section 49

The provisions of Act CL of 2016 on the General Administrative Procedure shall apply mutatis mutandis to the notification—subject to the deviations set out in this Chapter—with respect to the use of language and the use of interpreters, requests for cooperation, data processing, the general rules of communication, representation, documents, the calculation of deadlines, applications, applications for justification, objections to deemed service, and cost exemption; provided that, where the General Administrative Procedure Act refers to a “client,” this shall be understood, for the purposes of this Chapter, as referring to the “applicant.”

Section 50

(1) The Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall keep a record of the acknowledgement of the acknowledgement of the notification and of the prohibition decisions.

(2) The data recorded in the register referred to in subsection (1) shall be deleted after the expiry of the deadline specified in subsection (4) of Article 46.

Section 51

In the course of the performance of his duties specified in Sections 42 (1)and 47 (1), the Minister responsible for the Internal Economy may turn to any state body with a request which shall comply with the request within 5 days.

Section 52

(1) In the cases referred to in Section 37(1)(a)–(c) and Section 37(2) and (3), an application for entry into the share register or members’ register of the strategic company may be submitted only if the applicant possesses the written confirmation of the acknowledgement of the notification. In the absence of such confirmation, or if the minister responsible for domestic economy has issued a prohibitive decision, the contracting party may not be entered into the share register or indicated in the members’ register, and may not exercise any rights in the strategic company on the basis of the ownership interests forming the subject of the legal transaction.

(2) In connection with a legal transaction referred to in Section 37(1), the strategic company shall— in a registration or amendment-registration procedure under Act V of 2006 on Company Disclosure, Company Registration and Winding-Up Proceedings (hereinafter: the Company Act, or Ctv.) and, in the case referred to in Section 37(1)(c), in a company registration procedure—attach to its application for registration or amendment-registration a statement, executed in a private document with full probative force, declaring that it qualifies as a strategic company, and shall also attach the confirmation of the acknowledgement of the notification. In cases falling under this paragraph, the deadline for submitting the application as set out in Section 50(5) and Section 57(3) of the Company Act shall begin on the day following receipt of the confirmation of acknowledgement of the notification issued by the minister responsible for domestic economy.

(3) In respect of the strategic company and the affected company, any data entered in the company register without the confirmation of acknowledgement of the notification, or contrary to a prohibitive decision of the minister responsible for domestic economy—including cases where the prohibitive decision is issued after the entry, following a subsequent notification or an ex officio investigation, within the time limit set out in Section 47(4)—shall be deleted by the court of registry in the course of legality supervision proceedings.

Section 53

1) A contract, unilateral legal declaration, or company resolution shall be null and void if: a) it violates the provisions of this Chapter, or b) the minister responsible for domestic economy has issued a prohibitive decision in respect of it.

(2) In the case referred to in paragraph (1)(a), the contract, unilateral legal declaration, or company resolution shall become valid retroactively as of the date on which it was made if, as a result of the examination under Section 47, the minister responsible for domestic economy establishes that the contract, unilateral legal declaration, or company resolution would not have been prohibited, thereby eliminating the ground for invalidity by decision issued after the fact.

(3) If the ground for invalidity is eliminated retrospectively, the parties shall act as if the contract, unilateral legal declaration, or company resolution had been valid from the time it was made.

Section 54

(1) In the course of the subsequent examination of the notification obligation pursuant to Section 47, the Minister responsible for the Internal Economy shall examine compliance with the rules in force at the time of the conclusion of the legal transaction.

(2) From the point of view of determining the legal consequence referred to in Section 53 (1) a),the regulation in force at the time of the conclusion of the legal transaction shall be authoritative.

[Chapter V - HOW THE PRICE MONITORING SYSTEM WORKS omitted]

[Chapter VI - TRANSITIONAL RULES RELATED TO LIQUIDATION PROCEEDINGS omitted]

[Chapter VII - DIFFERENT APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONS ON INFANT CARE omitted]

[ALLOWANCE AND CHILD CARE ALLOWANCE IN THE CASE OF UKRAINIAN CITIZENS NOT RESIDING IN HUNGARY omitted]

[CHAPTER VIII - CERTAIN BUILDING REGULATIONS FOR NATIONAL DEFENCE DESIGNATED INFRASTRUCTURES IMPORTANT FOR THE DEFENCE AND SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY omitted]

[CHAPTER IX - TRANSITIONAL RULES ON THE DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN DATA OF PUBLIC INTEREST omitted]

[Chapter X - CERTAIN RULES AFFECTING THE OPERATOR OF AN INSTALLATION RECEIVING SIGNIFICANT FREE ALLOCATION OF ALLOWANCES omitted]

[Chapter XI - TRANSITIONAL RULES RELATED TO THE TAX REFUND SUPPORT RELATED TO THE PURCHASE OF APARTMENTS IN RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE ESTABLISHED IN THE RUST BELT ACTION AREA omitted]

[Chapter XII - TRANSITIONAL RULES FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF PRESS PRODUCTS omitted]

[Chapter XIII - SPECIFIC RULES ON PUBLIC FINANCES FOR THE STATE INVESTMENTS CHAPTER OF THE ACT ON THE CENTRAL BUDGET omitted]

[Chapter XIV - TRANSITIONAL RULES DEROGATING FROM ACT LXXXVII OF 1990 ON THE DETERMINATION OF PRICES omitted]

[Chapter XV - TRANSITIONAL RULES FOR EXPROPRIATION omitted]

[Chapter XVI - TRANSITIONAL RULES ON THE SETTLEMENT OF THE CONSIDERATION FOR PUBLIC SERVICES omitted]

[Chapter XVI - TRANSITIONAL RULES ON THE SETTLEMENT OF THE CONSIDERATION FOR PUBLIC SERVICES omitted]

[Chapter XVII - TRANSITIONAL RULES RELATED TO THE SUPPLEMENTARY MINING ROYALTY omitted]

[Chapter XVIII - MEASURES RELATED TO THE SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY TO HAZARDOUS PLANTS omitted]

Chapter XIX - FINAL PROVISIONS

17. Entry into force provisions

Section 124 (1) This Act shall enter into force on the 31st day following its promulgation, with the exception provided for in subsections (2)-(4).

(2) Chapter IV, Sections 73 to 76, Sections 77(1) and (3)(e), 78, Chapter VIII, Chapter IX, Subtitle 22, Chapter 33, Chapter 45, Subtitle 48, Chapter 52, Chapter 59, Chapter 61, Section 249(3)(e), Subtitle 63 and Annex 1 shall enter into force on the 61st day following the promulgation of this Act.

(3) Chapter XVIII, Chapter 25, Chapter 34, Chapter 35, Subtitle 47 and Section 249(2) shall enter into force on 1 August 2025.

(4) Paragraphs (2) and (4) of Article 77 shall enter into force upon the termination of the state of emergency.

(5) The calendar date of the entry into force of Paragraph (2) and (4)of Article 77 shall be determined by the Prime Minister by means of an individual decision published in the Hungarian Official Gazette immediately after it became known.

[18 – 62 omitted]

63. Repeal of other government decrees

Section 250 Government Decree No. 289/2020 (VI.17.) on the definition of the activities necessary for the protection of business entities with a registered office in Hungary for economic purposes is repealed.

Dr. Tamás Sulyok, s. k., President of the Republic

László Kövér, s. k., Speaker of the National Assembly

Annex 1 to Act L of 2025

TRANSITIONAL RULES ON THE MEASURES NECESSARY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BUSINESS ENTITIES WITH REGISTERED OFFICE IN HUNGARY FOR ECONOMIC PURPOSES

Sectors of strategic importance:

1. Chemical sector (NACE'25 code 19–21): Coke production, petroleum processing; Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products; Pharmaceutical manufacturing

2. Commercial facilities (NACE'25 code 46–47): Wholesale trade; Retail

3. Communication sector (NACE'25 code 58–61): Publishing; Film, video, TV programme production and sound recording; Programme compilation, broadcasting, content distribution; Telecommunications

4. Critical industrial sector (NACE'25 code 24–30): Production of metal raw materials; Manufacture of metal products; Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products; Electrical equipment manufacturing; Machinery and mechanical equipment manufacturing; Road vehicle manufacturing; Other vehicle manufacturing

5. Defense industry (NACE'25 code 25.3; 30.4): Manufacture of weapons and ammunition; Production of military combat vehicles

6. Dams (NACE'25 code 42.91): Construction of water facilities

7. Energy sector (NACE'25 code 35): Electricity, gas, steam supply, air conditioning

8. Emergency-related services (NACE'25 code 84.22–84.25): National defence; Public safety and public order; Fire protection

9. Financial sector (NACE'25 code 64–65): Financial services (except insurance and pension funds); Insurance, reinsurance, pension funds (except social security)

10. Food and agriculture (NACE'25 code 01–03, 10–12, 68.20*): Food production; Beverage industry; Tobacco manufacturing; Crop and animal production; Forestry; Fisheries and aquaculture; Leasing/operation of real estate when involving agricultural/forestry land*

11. Government facilities (NACE'25 code 84): Public administration, defence, compulsory social security

12. Health (NACE'25 code 86–88): Human health care; Residential care; Social care without boarding

13. Information technology (NACE'25 code 62–63): IT services; Computing infrastructure, data processing, hosting, information services

14. Nuclear sector (NACE'25 code 24.46): Production of nuclear fuel

15. Building industry (NACE'25 code 41–43): Construction of residential/non-residential buildings; Construction of structures; Specialized construction

16. Water supply and wastewater (NACE'25 code 36–37): Water production and supply; Wastewater collection and treatment

17. Waste management (NACE'25 code 38–39): Waste management; Decontamination and other waste treatment

18. Building materials industry (NACE'25 code 23): Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products

19. Transport and logistics (NACE'25 code 49–53): Land and pipeline transport; Water transport; Air transport; Storage and auxiliary activities; Postal and courier services

20. Medical device manufacturing (NACE'25 code 32.5): Medical device manufacturing

21. Tourism (NACE'25 code 55–56): Accommodation services; Hospitality

22. Administrative and support services (NACE'25 code 78.2): Temporary employment, HR supply and management

23. Critical raw materials (NACE'25 code 05–09): Coal mining; Petroleum and gas extraction; Metal ore mining; Other mining; Mining services

24. Education (NACE'25 code 85.40; 85.69): Higher education; Education support activities

[Annex 2 ommitted]