Investment Policy Monitor
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The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with up-to-date, country-specific information on recent policy developments affecting foreign direct investment (FDI).
Through its ongoing monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD delivers cutting-edge and forward-looking contributions to investment policy discourse. The Monitor also supports evidence-based policymaking aimed at ensuring that foreign investment contributes to sustainable development. The Monitor also informs the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends featured in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitor publications and the joint UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Investment Measures.
UNCTAD has tracked changes in national policies affecting FDI on an annual basis since 1992. Over time, the methodology has been revised to enhance the quality and consistency of reporting. The most recent revision, completed in 2024, further refined the monitoring framework and applied the updated classification to policy measures dating back to 2012.
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UNCTAD Investment Policy Monitor The UNCTAD Investment Policy Monitor database compiles official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting foreign investment (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures that have a clear impact on such investment (FDI-related).
The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases).
The classification of measures as more or less favourable to investors is based solely on their potential impact on investors. The type of measures included in each category are described below. This classification does not reflect any value judgement by UNCTAD on the merit or suitability of the measure.
Classification of the nature of measures
More favourable to investors
Liberalization: includes privatization; lifting of entry restrictions (e.g. opening of sectors to FDI) and entry conditions (e.g. minimum capital requirement); removal (total or partial) of FDI screening or approval mechanisms; lifting of foreign exchange restrictions; liberalization of land access.
Facilitation: includes streamlining of investment procedures (e.g. one-stop shops); greater transparency of investment-related laws and procedures (e.g. information portals); introduction by IPAs and other entities of new services to assist investors (e.g. linkages programmes, investor visa facilitation or alternative dispute resolution mechanisms).
Promotion: includes establishment of IPAs or other institutions with a remit as investment promoters and expansion of their mandate; adoption of investment promotion strategy and plans; introduction of PPPs, auctions, and concessions initiatives or framework; introduction of OFDI promotion initiatives.
Incentives: includes adoption of new tax and financial incentives schemes for investment; introduction of other incentives (e.g. citizenship by investment programmes); adoption of new SEZ-related incentives.
Other regulatory changes: includes enhancement of investor treatment and protection guarantees; easing of labour or migration regulations concerning foreign hires and key personnel; removal of operational restrictions on investment (e.g. local content requirements).
Less favourable to investors
Entry: includes introduction or tightening of entry restrictions (e.g. total or partial ban on FDI in specific sectors); introduction or tightening of entry conditions (e.g. minimum investment threshold, joint venture requirements or State participation in strategic sectors); introduction or expansion of screening mechanisms for national security.
Treatment and operation: includes introduction or expansion of foreign exchange restrictions; introduction or expansion of restrictions on foreign hires and key personnel; removal or reduction of investment incentives; introduction or expansion of post-establishment requirements for local content; reduction of guarantees for investment treatment and protection; introduction or expansion of restrictions on OFDI.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
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Investment Policy Measures
2044 results
Croatia
13 Nov 2025Establishes national FDI screening regime to safeguard national security and public order
On 5 November 2025, Croatia established its national foreign investment screening mechanism to protect security and public order, bringing its framework into alignment with the European Union FDI Screening Regulation. The Act [...]
Indonesia
02 Oct 2025Lowers paid-up capital requirement for foreign-owned limited liability companies
On 2 October 2025, Indonesia issued Minister of Investment Regulation No. 5 of 2025, reducing the minimum paid-up capital requirement for foreign-owned limited liability companies from IDR 10 billion (approximately $640,000) to IDR [...]
Sri Lanka
20 Sep 2025Reduces tax incentives for strategic projects in the Colombo Port City
On 20 September 2025, the Government of Sri Lanka published Regulations No. 1 of 2025 in Gazette No. 2454/62 under the Colombo Port City Economic Commission Act, No. 11 of 2021. The regulation is effective for five years [...]
China
15 Sep 2025Liberalizes and facilitates reinvestment of foreign-exchange profits by foreign investors
On 15 September 2025, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) issued a circular (SAFE [2025] No. 43) introducing a package of measures to deepen reform of foreign exchange administration for cross-border investment and [...]
Korea, Republic of
09 Sep 2025Establishes $102 billion policy fund to support strategic industries
On 9 September 2025, the Republic of Korea adopted the establishment of a ₩150 trillion fund (approximately $102 billion), the National Growth Fund, which had first been announced on 5 March 2025. The Fund is intended to support national [...]
Philippines
03 Sep 2025Extends private land lease period for foreign investors to 99 years
On 3 September 2025, the Philippines issued Republic Act No. 12252, amending Republic Act No. 7652 (the Investors' Lease Act) to extend the maximum lease term of private land available to foreign investors. The amendment replaces the [...]
Oman
31 Aug 2025Launches Golden Residency programme for foreign investors
On 31 August 2025, Oman launched its Golden Residency programme, offering renewable 5 or 10 year residency permits to foreign investors. Under the programme, a ten-year residency permit is available to investors who: Invest a minimum [...]
United States of America
26 Aug 2025Removes the Syrian Sanctions Regulations
On 26 August 2025, the Department of the Treasury of the United States issued a final rule removing the Syrian Sanctions Regulations (31 CFR part 542) from the Code of Federal Regulations, with the rule taking effect on the same date. [...]
Kyrgyzstan
19 Aug 2025Adopts new investment law
On 19 August 2025, Kyrgyzstan adopted Law No. 198 “On Investments in the Kyrgyz Republic,” replacing the previous 2003 investment law. The new legislation introduces a 10-year contractual stabilization regime for large [...]
Hungary
19 Aug 2025Transitions temporary Special FDI Screening Regime into permanent legislation
On 19 August 2025, Hungary enacted Act L of 2025, that repealed Government Decree 561/2022 that had established the ‘Special FDI Screening Regime’ during the national state of emergency (see Hungary - Introduces temporary [...]
Bhutan
08 Aug 2025Allows 100 per cent foreign equity in select priority sectors and introduces new guarantees for FDI
On 18 July 2025, Bhutan’s Foreign Direct Investment Rules and Regulations 2025 entered into force, consolidating and replacing both the Foreign Direct Investment Policy 2019 and the Foreign Direct Investment Regulations 2019. [...]
Russian Federation
31 Jul 2025Restricts foreign involvement in commodity market analysis
On 31 July 2025, the Russian Federation adopted a law prohibiting companies with more than 20 per cent foreign ownership, as well as foreign legal entities, from providing services for the processing or analysis of Russian commodity [...]
Argentina
31 Jul 2025Establishes a citizenship-by-investment framework
On 31 July 2025, the Government of Argentina published Decree No. 524/2025 in the country's official gazette, establishing a formal citizenship-by-investment framework that allows foreign investors who make a “relevant investment" [...]
France
30 Jul 2025Revises its guidelines for the screening of foreign investment
On 30 July 2025, France issued revised guidelines for the screening regime of foreign investments for national security, replacing the previous 2022 version. This update incorporates recent regulatory changes and reflects the evolving [...]
Albania
26 Jul 2025Introduces the general framework for FDI screening
On 3 July 2025, Albania adopted an amendment to Law No. 7764 “On Foreign Investments”, introducing a mandatory screening framework for foreign direct investment (FDI). Published in the Official Gazette on 11 July 2025, [...]
Poland
24 Jul 2025Makes its FDI screening regime permanent
On 24 July 2025, Poland's foreign direct investment (FDI) screening regime on national security, first introduced as a temporary measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 (please see Poland - Temporarily extends its [...]
Angola
23 Jul 2025Amends General Electricity Law to expand private sector participation
On 23 July 2025, Angola adopted Law No. 6/25, of 23 July 2025, which introduces significant amendments to the General Electricity Law (Law No. 14-A/96, of 31 May 1996). The law inter alia removes public monopoly in the electricity [...]
Saudi Arabia
14 Jul 2025Enacts new law expanding foreign ownership rights in real estate
On 14 July 2025, Saudi Arabia enacted the Law of Real Estate Ownership by Non-Saudis. The law, which shall take effect 180 days after its publication in the official gazette, repeals and replaces the 2000 Law of Real Estate Ownership [...]
United States of America
08 Jul 2025Launches plan to tighten foreign investment rules in agricultural land
On 8 July 2025, the Government of the United States of America, through the Department of Agriculture, released the National Farm Security Action Plan, which elevates agriculture within the national security agenda. The plan outlines [...]
United States of America
04 Jul 2025Enhances investment tax incentives and energy lease availability
1) On 4 July 2025, the Government of the United States enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (Public Law 119), introducing the following investment-enhancing provisions: The investment tax credit for semiconductor manufacturing, [...]
United States of America
04 Jul 2025Schedules early termination of clean-energy tax credits
On 4 July 2025, the Government of the United States of America enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (Public Law 119). Title VII of the Act, “Termination of Green New Deal Subsidies”, withdraws three producer-side [...]
Taiwan, Province of China
03 Jul 2025Extends financial support to foreign investors
On 3 July 2025, Taiwan Province of China approved and launched the “Three Major Programmes for Investing in Taiwan 2.0”, an upgraded continuation of the 2019 investment initiative, which was originally focused on domestic [...]
China
30 Jun 2025Introduces tax credit for foreign investors reinvesting distributed profits
On 27 June 2025, China introduced a new tax credit scheme granting foreign investors with a 10 per cent corporate income tax credit on direct investments in the country funded by dividends received from enterprises operating in China. [...]
New Zealand
27 Jun 2025Establishes a dedicated investment promotion agency: Invest New Zealand
On 27 June 2025, New Zealand adopted the Invest New Zealand Act 2025 (Public Act 2025 No 33). Key features of the Act include: Establishes Invest New Zealand as an autonomous Crown entity to promote foreign investment, [...]
Viet Nam
27 Jun 2025Introduces incentives for the establishment of an International Financial Center
On 27 June 2025, Viet Nam adopted Resolution No. 222/2025/QH15, establishing an International Financial Center (IFC). The resolution introduces incentives and facilitation measures to attract domestic and foreign financial institutions. [...]
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The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with up-to-date, country-specific information on recent policy developments affecting foreign direct investment (FDI).
Through its ongoing monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD delivers cutting-edge and forward-looking contributions to investment policy discourse. The Monitor also supports evidence-based policymaking aimed at ensuring that foreign investment contributes to sustainable development. The Monitor also informs the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends featured in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitor publications and the joint UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Investment Measures.
UNCTAD has tracked changes in national policies affecting FDI on an annual basis since 1992. Over time, the methodology has been revised to enhance the quality and consistency of reporting. The most recent revision, completed in 2024, further refined the monitoring framework and applied the updated classification to policy measures dating back to 2012.
-
UNCTAD Investment Policy Monitor The UNCTAD Investment Policy Monitor database compiles official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting foreign investment (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures that have a clear impact on such investment (FDI-related).
The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases).
The classification of measures as more or less favourable to investors is based solely on their potential impact on investors. The type of measures included in each category are described below. This classification does not reflect any value judgement by UNCTAD on the merit or suitability of the measure.
Classification of the nature of measures
More favourable to investors
Liberalization: includes privatization; lifting of entry restrictions (e.g. opening of sectors to FDI) and entry conditions (e.g. minimum capital requirement); removal (total or partial) of FDI screening or approval mechanisms; lifting of foreign exchange restrictions; liberalization of land access.
Facilitation: includes streamlining of investment procedures (e.g. one-stop shops); greater transparency of investment-related laws and procedures (e.g. information portals); introduction by IPAs and other entities of new services to assist investors (e.g. linkages programmes, investor visa facilitation or alternative dispute resolution mechanisms).
Promotion: includes establishment of IPAs or other institutions with a remit as investment promoters and expansion of their mandate; adoption of investment promotion strategy and plans; introduction of PPPs, auctions, and concessions initiatives or framework; introduction of OFDI promotion initiatives.
Incentives: includes adoption of new tax and financial incentives schemes for investment; introduction of other incentives (e.g. citizenship by investment programmes); adoption of new SEZ-related incentives.
Other regulatory changes: includes enhancement of investor treatment and protection guarantees; easing of labour or migration regulations concerning foreign hires and key personnel; removal of operational restrictions on investment (e.g. local content requirements).
Less favourable to investors
Entry: includes introduction or tightening of entry restrictions (e.g. total or partial ban on FDI in specific sectors); introduction or tightening of entry conditions (e.g. minimum investment threshold, joint venture requirements or State participation in strategic sectors); introduction or expansion of screening mechanisms for national security.
Treatment and operation: includes introduction or expansion of foreign exchange restrictions; introduction or expansion of restrictions on foreign hires and key personnel; removal or reduction of investment incentives; introduction or expansion of post-establishment requirements for local content; reduction of guarantees for investment treatment and protection; introduction or expansion of restrictions on OFDI.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
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