The proliferation of ISDS under international investment agreements (IIAs) shows the importance this mechanism has gained. But it also increasingly reveals that there are a number of problems. This note summarizes the main concerns relating to the current ISDS regime, and sketches out the main possible avenues for reform. The note rests upon UNCTAD’s Investment Policy Framework for Sustainable Development (IPFSD) [link] which places the objectives of inclusive growth and sustainable development at the core of national and international investment policies.