Investment Policy Monitor
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UNCTAD has been collecting information on changes in national foreign direct investment (FDI) policies on an annual basis since 1992. This collection has provided input to the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitors and the UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Measures.
In 2024, to further strengthen the quality of reporting, UNCTAD revised the methodology of monitoring investment policy measures. and revised the measures going back to 2012 accordingly.
The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with country-specific, up-to-date information about the latest developments in foreign investment policies.
Through its monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD offers cutting-edge and innovative contributions to investment policy discourse, and contributes to preparing the ground for future policymaking in the interest of making foreign investment work for sustainable development.
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The UNCTAD's Investment Policy Monitor database include official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting FDI (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures with a clear impact on foreign investment (FDI-related). The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases). The classification of measures as more or less favourable is based solely on their potential impact on investors.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
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Investment Policy Measures
18 results
Greece
12 Dec 2024Promotes investments in critical raw materials, the circular economy, and shipbuilding
On 12 December 2024, Greece amended Law 4864/2021 to promote and facilitate a new category of investments—flagship investments of exceptional importance. This category includes projects in critical raw materials, the circular economy, [...]
Greece
05 Dec 2024Introduces investment incentives to foster innovation
On 5 December 2024, Greece adopted Law 5162/2024 (Government Gazette No. 198/5/12/2024), introducing various tax incentives aimed at fostering innovation and attracting foreign capital. Angel investors are now eligible for a 50 per [...]
Greece
29 Jul 2020Increases the tax deduction for R&D expenses
On July 29 2020, the Greek Government adopted Law 4712/2020, which amended the Income Tax Code and increased the tax deduction for R&D expenses from the gross income of companies from 30% to 100%. Additionally, an alternative [...]
Greece
03 Dec 2019Privatization of energy sector
On 3 December 2019, the Law 4643/2019 was published in the Official Journal of Greece. It aims at liberalizing the energy market and promoting renewable energy sources. Under the new regime, the Public Natural Gas Company (DEPA) will [...]
Greece
25 Apr 2019Strategic Investment Law amended
On 25 April 2019, the Law 4608/2019 was published in the official Hellenic Government Gazette. Its aim is to modernize the existing legal framework for strategic investment and attract more investment projects. Under the new law, [...]
Greece
23 Mar 2018Concludes sale of 67 per cent of the shares in Thessaloniki port
On 23 March 2018, the Greek government concluded the sale of a 67 per cent stake in the country's second largest port ("Thessaloniki Port") to a German-led consortium. The total value of this deal was EUR 1.1 billion. [...]
Greece
27 Apr 2017Greece sells stake of Thessaloniki port to a consortium of German investors
The Greek state transferred 67 percent of the shares of Thessaloniki Port Authority to a consortium of investors via its privatization fund on 27 April 2017. The consortium is led by Deutsche Invest Equity Partners. The German firm [...]
Greece
11 Apr 2017Greece transfers 14 regional airports to a German consortium
On 11 April 2017 the Greek Agency of Privatization has announced that the management of 14 regional airports will be transferred to the German consortium Fraport AG-Slentel Ltd. The value of the deal is estimated at EUR 1,2 billion. [...]
Greece
16 Jan 2017Privatisation of TrainOSE S.A. railway company
The Greek Court of Auditors approved the sale of the state-owned railway operator TrainOSE to Italian railways Ferrovie dello Stato. The privatisation is part of the bailout deal signed by Greece in 2015. The Greek Government committed [...]
Greece
29 Dec 2016Privatization of the Kassiopi site in Corfu
On 29 December 2016, the Greek Government finalized the privatization of the Kassiopi site, located in the Corfu island. The New York-based NCH Capital Inc. will acquire a leasehold of the site and will invest an estimated amount of [...]
Greece
14 Jul 2016Government accepts privatization offer for railway operator
On 14 July 2016, the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF) accepted the privatization offer of EUR 45 million for the sale of a 100 per cent stake in TRAINOSE SA (Greek railway operator), submitted by Ferrovie Dello Stato [...]
Greece
08 Apr 2016Greece privatizes the port of Pireus
On 8 April 2016, the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF) formally signed an agreement to sell a 67 percent stake in the Port of Piraeus to the Chinese shipping company, China Cosco Holding Co.The total value of the agreement [...]
Greece
31 Dec 2015Government signs a privatization agreement for a seaside resort
On 31 December 2015, the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund signed a final agreement with the Arab-Turk investment fund, Jermyn Street Real Estate, for the sale of Astir Palace, a seaside resort. The whole privatization process [...]
Greece
18 Aug 2015Government grants a foreign consortium the right to operate 14 regional airports
As part of Greece's privatization effort, on 18 August 2015 the government published a decree in the Official State Journal approving the concession of 14 regional airports to the German consortium Fraport-Slentel for the sum of 1,23 [...]
Greece
12 Aug 2013Privatizes gambling monopoly
On 12 August 2013, Greece completed the sale of a 33 per cent stake in the state-controlled gambling firm OPAP to the Greek-Czech fund Emma Delta. [...]
Greece
18 Apr 2013Approves new investment incentive law
The Government has amended its investment incentive law (Law 4146/2013). The Law aims at modernizing and improving the institutional framework for private investments subject to investment laws. Provisions are introduced regarding [...]
Greece
31 Oct 2012Amends privatization law
Greece's Parliament approved a law that provides the Government with greater flexibility to privatize the country's public utilities. The article scraps the Government's obligation to own a minimum stake in a number of former state [...]
Greece
01 Jul 2011Establishes Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund
On 1 July 2011, the Government of Greece established the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF) for six years (L. 3986/2011), under the medium-term fiscal strategy. The objective of the new law is to depoliticize and professionalize [...]
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UNCTAD has been collecting information on changes in national foreign direct investment (FDI) policies on an annual basis since 1992. This collection has provided input to the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitors and the UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Measures.
In 2024, to further strengthen the quality of reporting, UNCTAD revised the methodology of monitoring investment policy measures. and revised the measures going back to 2012 accordingly.
The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with country-specific, up-to-date information about the latest developments in foreign investment policies.
Through its monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD offers cutting-edge and innovative contributions to investment policy discourse, and contributes to preparing the ground for future policymaking in the interest of making foreign investment work for sustainable development.
-
The UNCTAD's Investment Policy Monitor database include official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting FDI (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures with a clear impact on foreign investment (FDI-related). The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases). The classification of measures as more or less favourable is based solely on their potential impact on investors.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Share
Latest publications
