Investment Policy Monitor
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UNCTAD has been collecting information on changes in national foreign direct investment (FDI) policies on an annual basis since 1992. This collection has provided input to the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitors and the UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Measures.
In 2024, to further strengthen the quality of reporting, UNCTAD revised the methodology of monitoring investment policy measures. and revised the measures going back to 2012 accordingly.
The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with country-specific, up-to-date information about the latest developments in foreign investment policies.
Through its monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD offers cutting-edge and innovative contributions to investment policy discourse, and contributes to preparing the ground for future policymaking in the interest of making foreign investment work for sustainable development.
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The UNCTAD's Investment Policy Monitor database include official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting FDI (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures with a clear impact on foreign investment (FDI-related). The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases). The classification of measures as more or less favourable is based solely on their potential impact on investors.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
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Investment Policy Measures
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Brazil
23 Oct 2024Launches new investment platform to boost international green investment
On 23 October 2024, Brazil launched a new investment platform, the Brazil Climate and Ecological Transformation Investment Platform (BIP), to link climate plans with investment opportunities. This platform was unveiled in Washington, [...]
Brazil
11 Sep 2024Extension and expansion of incentive regime for semiconductor industry
On 11 September 2024, the Government of Brazil adopted legislation that will come into force on 1 January 2025, extending existing financial incentives for the semiconductor industry and introducing new ones. The law: Extends the [...]
Brazil
02 Aug 2024Introduces tax credits for low-carbon hydrogen
On 27 September 2024 The Government of Brazil sanctioned Law No. 14,990/2024, establishing the Low-Carbon Hydrogen Development Program (PHCB), which includes the Special Incentive Regime for the Production of Low-Carbon Hydrogen (Rehidro). [...]
Brazil
09 Aug 2023New incentives for rail investment projects
On 9 August 2023, the Economic Policy Council of Brazil, Confaz, approved a proposal from the Ministry of Transport to grant an exemption from the ICMS tax for railway projects. The ICMS tax ( Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias [...]
Brazil
15 Sep 2022Launches single information portal for investment
On 15 September 2022, the National Investment Committee (Coninv) of the Foreign Trade Chamber (Camex), under the Ministry of Economy of Brazil, introduced the Single Investment Information Portal. Targeted at foreign investors, the [...]
Brazil
15 Jun 2022Regulates exploitation of offshore wind energy production
On 25 January 2022, the Brazilian government issued Decree No. 10.946/2022, which provides rules for allocating the use of physical spaces and natural resources in open waters for energy production. The decree will come into effect [...]
Brazil
18 Mar 2022Reduces tax rates on foreign exchange transactions
On 15 March, the Brazilian Government issued Decree No. 10.997, which gradually reduces the tax rate of the "Imposto sobre Operaçoes Financeiras" (IOF), a tax on certain foreign exchange operations. Under current legislation, tax [...]
Brazil
21 Jun 2021Partially privatizes an electricity utilities State-owned company
On 21 June 2021, the National Congress of Brazil approved new legislation allowing for a partial privatization of a State-owned enterprise from the energy sector. The new legislation (entitled Provisional Measure No.1031/2021) mandates [...]
Brazil
14 Apr 2021Privatizes operation of airports, maritime ports and rail lines
On 9 April 2021, the Brazilian government concluded privatization auctions to award operation contracts for several transport infrastructures in different regions, previously operated by state-owned enterprises. As a result, concession [...]
Brazil
27 Sep 2019Simplifies procedures for foreign investors in financial sector
On 27 September 2019, the Presidential Decree no. 10,029 entered into force. It simplifies the entry procedures for foreign financial institutions willing to open branches in Brazil or foreign investors wanting to invest in the financial [...]
Brazil
23 Sep 2019Regulates dispute settlement procedures for major infrastructure contracts between public administration and private contractors
On 20 September 2019, the government enacted Decree Nº 10.025, which enables the use of arbitration as a dispute settlement mechanism for commercial disputes related to major infrastructure projects. The text came into effect on 23 [...]
Brazil
17 Jun 2019Opens domestic air transport services market to foreign-owned operators
On 17 June 2019, the government issued Law Nº 13.842 that modifies the Brazilian Code of Aeronautics of 1986. The new legislation removes previous limitations to foreign ownership of domestic air carriers. The new law came into effect [...]
Brazil
22 Apr 2019Expands ombudsman services to all investors
On 22 April 2019, Decree No. 9770 broadened the Direct Investments Ombudsman (DIO) services to assist both foreign and domestic investors. Initially created on 28 September 2016 under Decree No. 8863 within the Cooperation and Facilitation [...]
Brazil
13 Dec 2018Allows 100 per cent of foreign capital in airlines
On 13 December 2018, Brazil adopted a temporary decree allowing Brazilian airlines to have 100 per cent participation of foreign capital. This lifted the previous 20 per cent limit on foreign investment in Brazilian airlines. [...]
Brazil
11 Apr 2017Lowered local content requirements for the oil industry to 50 per cent
On 11 April 2017, the National Energy Policy Council of Brazil (CNPE) approved the realization of the 3rd round of bidding under the production sharing scheme for off-shore pre-salt oil fields. It also relaxed local purchasing rules [...]
Brazil
16 Mar 2017Privatizes four airports
On 16 March 2017, Brazil awarded three European groups the rights to operate four airports. The companies committed to investing at least 6.61 billion Reais in the airports and to paying the government an additional 2.26 billion Reais [...]
Brazil
29 Nov 2016Opens offshore oilfields to foreign investment
On 29 November 2016, Brazil adopted changes to the structure of it’s pre-salt oil industry, opening the door to increased foreign investment. The old law required the national oil company, Petrobras, to be the sole operator of all [...]
Brazil
24 Nov 2016Simplifies registration of foreign direct investment
On 24 November 2016, the Central Bank of Brazil issued Resolution No. 4,533 of the National Monetary Council, which modifies Resolution 3,844 of 23 March 2010, with the purpose of simplifying the registration of Foreign Direct Investment. [...]
Brazil
25 Jun 2016Repeals foreign ownership restrictions of domestic airlines
On 25 June 2016, Brazil’s President vetoed a law that would have abolished foreign ownership restrictions of domestic airlines. The veto also led to an unwinding of a lesser liberalization that had been passed through Provisional Measure [...]
Brazil
02 Mar 2016Raises foreign ownership limit on airlines from 20 to 49 per cent
Through Provisional Measure No. 714, issued on 1 March 2016 and effective 2 March 2016, Brazil relaxed restrictions on foreign ownership in domestic airlines. The measure – which needs to be confirmed by National Congress – increases [...]
Brazil
20 Jan 2015Liberalization of foreign investment in the healthcare sector
On 20 January 2015, Law No. 13097, of 19 January 2015 (Law 13097/2015), entered into force. The law alters previous foreign investment regulations in the healthcare sector (Law no. 8.080/90), by permitting the full participation of [...]
Brazil
01 May 2013Approves tax credit for ethanol industry
The Government announced that the PIS/Cofins taxes on ethanol will be cut from 12 percent to almost zero from 1 May 2013. In addition, the mandatory blend of anhydrous ethanol in petrol will be raised to 25 percent. In addition, the [...]
Brazil
07 Dec 2012Extends investment incentives under PSI programme
The Investment Support Programme (Programa de Sustentação do Investimento, PSI) will be extended through 2013. Funds committed by the Government amount to an increase in US $ 85 billion, the amount allocated to finance expenditure [...]
Brazil
03 Oct 2012New tax rebate for the car industry
The Brazilian Government has issued a Decree (7819/12) that regulates the implementation of the Inovar Auto programme, which seeks to promote innovation in the automotive sector through research and development. It focuses on environmentally [...]
Brazil
06 Feb 2012Privatizes three airports
The Government has raised R24.5 billion (US $14 billion) through the auction of three licenses to operate some of Brazil’s busiest airports. Invepar ACSA, a consortium led by local pension funds belonging to employees of state-run [...]
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UNCTAD has been collecting information on changes in national foreign direct investment (FDI) policies on an annual basis since 1992. This collection has provided input to the analysis of global and regional investment policy trends in the World Investment Report, the Investment Policy Monitors and the UNCTAD-OECD Reports on G20 Measures.
In 2024, to further strengthen the quality of reporting, UNCTAD revised the methodology of monitoring investment policy measures. and revised the measures going back to 2012 accordingly.
The Investment Policy Monitor provides the international investment community with country-specific, up-to-date information about the latest developments in foreign investment policies.
Through its monitoring of investment policy changes, UNCTAD offers cutting-edge and innovative contributions to investment policy discourse, and contributes to preparing the ground for future policymaking in the interest of making foreign investment work for sustainable development.
-
The UNCTAD's Investment Policy Monitor database include official measures affecting FDI adopted by United Nations Member States. These encompass measures explicitly targeting FDI (FDI-specific), as well as general investment measures with a clear impact on foreign investment (FDI-related). The measures are either reported directly to UNCTAD by Member States through annual surveys or identified by UNCTAD researchers through publicly accessible sources (such as government websites and specialized policy databases). The classification of measures as more or less favourable is based solely on their potential impact on investors.
Note: Measures are verified, to the fullest extent possible, by referencing government sources. The compilation of measures is not exhaustive.
Disclaimer: the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Share
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